Persistent Data Management - Complete Study Notes

These exam-oriented notes cover the ten theory modules plus the practical-session material for Persistent Data Management (DBMS) for MCA Semester I. The folder is arranged like a learning dashboard: a main module index, deep-dive articles, and quick revision resources.

Each module follows three learning layers:

1. Simple idea: plain language and a familiar analogy.
2. Worked example: a small school-database problem solved step by step.
3. Technical meaning: correct definitions, notation, and exam points.

Finish the memory rules and self-check before reading the answers. The files in Articles remain advanced supplements.

Module-wise study method

1. Review prerequisites and keep the common student database schema nearby.
2. Complete one 10-15-minute study block at a time.
3. Draw schemas and work through relational, SQL, index, or transaction steps on paper.
4. Attempt the mini quiz and practice ladder before revealing solutions.
5. Mark the module Mastered after solving a new database scenario without notes.

Module Index

Module	Topic	File
1	Introduction, data models, ER/EER modelling	Module 1
2	Functional dependencies and normalization	Module 2
3	Relational algebra	Module 3
4	Tuple and domain relational calculus	Module 4
5	SQL, views, procedures, triggers, cursors	Module 5
6	Indexing, B+ trees, and hashing	Module 6
7	Query processing and optimization	Module 7
8	Transactions, serializability, recovery	Module 8
9	Concurrency control	Module 9
10	XML, distributed/parallel DBMS, big data	Module 10
11	PostgreSQL and practical sessions	Module 11 Practical Guide

Deep-Dive Articles

Module	Article
1	Module-1-Article
2	Module-2-Article
3	Module-3-Article
4	Module-4-Article
5	Module-5-Article
6	Module-6-Article
7	Module-7-Article
8	Module-8-Article
9	Module-9-Article
10	Module-10-Article

Revision Tools

• Quick Revision - last-minute review of all modules.
• One-Day Study Guide - timetable, high-yield concepts, formulas, comparisons, practical patterns, and final self-test.
• Cheat Sheet - notation, rules, formulas, and SQL patterns.
• Important Questions - exam questions with answer points.
• MCQ - multiple-choice practice by module.
• Glossary - important terms in alphabetical order.
• Module 11 Practical Guide - PostgreSQL, transactions, triggers, procedures, cursors, HDFS, MapReduce, security, and query tuning.
• Web Resources - official and high-quality external references.

How to use this folder

1. Read the matching module note first.
2. Open the matching article for a deeper explanation and extra examples.
3. Use the cheat sheet for fast revision.
4. Practice the important questions without looking at the notes.
5. For the practical PDFs, use the Module 11 Practical Guide and reproduce the SQL patterns in PostgreSQL.

Common example schema

Most examples use:

STUDENT(StudentID, Name, DepartmentID, Email)
DEPARTMENT(DepartmentID, DepartmentName)
COURSE(CourseID, Title, Credits)
ENROLLMENT(StudentID, CourseID, Semester, Marks)

Primary keys are StudentID, DepartmentID, CourseID, and the composite key (StudentID, CourseID, Semester) for ENROLLMENT.