Programming from First Principles Notes

This folder contains a Python-based study guide for the subject Programming from First Principles across Modules 1 to 14. It is written as exam-ready revision notes with one page per module plus supporting revision resources.

Each module follows three learning layers:

1. Simple idea: plain language and a familiar analogy.
2. Worked example: small Python code traced step by step.
3. Technical meaning: correct definitions, notation, types, and exam points.

Finish the memory rules and self-check before reading the answers.

Module-wise study method

1. Review the prerequisites and complete one study block at a time.
2. Type each Python example into the interpreter or notebook and predict the result before running it.
3. Read errors as feedback about syntax, types, or missing definitions.
4. Complete the mini quiz and practice ladder before revealing solutions.
5. Mark the module Mastered after writing and tracing a fresh example unaided.

Module Index

Module	Topic	File
1	Standard constructs	Module 1
2	Standard data types	Module 2
3	Calculus	Module 3
4	First-class-ness	Module 4
5	Higher-order functions	Module 5
6	Laziness	Module 6
7	Type discipline	Module 7
8	Polymorphism	Module 8
9	Inference	Module 9
10	User-defined types	Module 10
11	Concrete types	Module 11
12	Recursion	Module 12
13	Operational semantics	Module 13
14	Type classes	Module 14

Support Material

• Quick Revision - fast revision notes.
• Cheat Sheet - compact definitions and patterns.
• Important Questions - likely exam questions with answer points.
• MCQ - multiple choice practice.
• Flashcards - quick recall practice.
• Glossary - key terms in alphabetical order.
• Diagrams - visual summaries and tables.
• Concept Maps - relationships between topics.
• Flowcharts - process-style revision.
• Summary - short overview of the subject.
• Web Resources - trusted external references for deeper reading.
• Internal Exam 1 - 23-question paper with 8 sections and answer key.
• Practice Test 1 - revision test for Modules 1-7.
• Practice Test 2 - revision test for Modules 8-14.
• Module-Wise Descriptive Answers - one long-answer question and model answer for each module.

How to Use This Folder

1. Read the module note for the topic you are studying.
2. Check the matching support pages for revision and memory aid.
3. Use the web resources when you want a second explanation from an external source.
4. Revisit the glossary before exams to fix terminology.

Suggested Study Order

1. Module 1
2. Module 2
3. Module 3
4. Module 4
5. Module 5
6. Module 6
7. Module 7
8. Module 8
9. Module 9
10. Module 10
11. Module 11
12. Module 12
13. Module 13
14. Module 14